Yashurhieli language
Yashurhieli | |
Native to: | Yashurhiel |
Language family: | Lowcymlun-Urcinnan
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Early forms: | Old Yashurhieli |
Major dialects: | several dozen |
Writing System | |
Writing system(s): | Yashur writing system |
Period: | ~3000 BCE - present |
Read: | right-to-left |
Official Status | |
Official language in: | Yashurhiel |
The Yashurhieli speaking world | |
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. | |
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Grammar[edit | edit source]
Main article: Yashurhieli grammar
Yashurhieli grammar is a product of a gradual shift from a fusional language with a free word order into a strictly analytic, isolating language, with many of the most common morphemes permanently fusing with words and disappearing as flexible and freely arrangeable units. These vestigial morphemes have, through the passing of centuries, shifted in pronunciation and spelling from word to word, and have been influenced by various regional dialects and neighbouring languages to result in a very diverse vocabulary.
In addition to a large wordstock of nouns and verbs, verb aspects themselves are expressed through completely different verbs, despite often relating to identical ideas, though they do frequently use similar spellings.
Some morphemes have survived however. For example, adjectival functions, when not expressible through a specific synonym, are fulfilled by a small, surviving inventory of descriptive morphemes which attach the the front of the word they describe.
In spite of its changes, the language has retained its rich variety of noun cases and tones. Its eighteen cases are nominative, accusative, dative, instrumental-comitative, causal-final, translative, terminative, essive-formal, essive-modal, inessive, superessive, adessive, illative, sublative, allative, elative, delative, and ablative, and are used as postpositions rather than declensions (the latter of which is typical of lower Cymluni languages and noun case systems throughout the broader world). Its word order is verb-subject-object.
Phonology[edit | edit source]
Consonants[edit | edit source]
IPA | b | ɖ | f | ɣ | ɮ | k | l | m | ɳ | p | qʍ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atraelish Transcription | b | d | f | g | j | k | l | m | n | p | q |
IPA | ɻ | s | ʈ | ʜ | z | ʑ | ʈ͡ʂ | ʈ͡ɭ̊˔ | ɭ̊˔ | ç | ʃ |
Atraelish Transcription | r | s | t | h | z | sz | zh | tl | sh | y | sh / ch |
Vowels[edit | edit source]
Yashurhieli vowels appear in two distinct categories, palatalised (dark) and non-palatalised (light).
IPA | a | ɛ | y | o | i |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atraelish transcription | a | e | u | o | i |
IPA | ʲa | ʲɛ | ʲy | ʲo | ʲi |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atraelish transcription | ya | ye | yu | yo | yi |
Tones[edit | edit source]
There are six tones in Yashurhieli.
Contour | Diacritic | IPA |
---|---|---|
mid level/neutral | a e u o i | ˧ |
falling | à è ù ò ì | ˧˩ |
rising | á é ú ó í | ˧˥ |
dipping | ả ẻ ủ ỏ ỉ | ˦˩˨ |
slow rising | ã ẽ ũ õ ĩ | ˩˩˧ |
slow falling | ạ ẹ ụ ọ ị | ˥˩ |
Notes[edit | edit source]
- Combines some of the politics behind Chinese languages and the Hindi-Urdu "controversy". Similar to Chinese with Central Yashurhieli being the official "single language", however in reality the nation encompasses a very wide number of Yasherhieli dialects, many of which are barely or not mutually intelligible. The writing system however, similar to Chinese, can be generally understood across the entire nation, from dialect to dialect. Also similar to Hindi and Urdu in regards to the relationship between Yashurhiel and Gashaorhiel, and how they officially speak "different" languages.
Languages | |
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Families | |
Language families | Central Cymluni · Ewigic · Lowcymlu-urcinnan · Neiran · Upcymlu-amleian · Yumeran |
Languages | |
Major languages | Abata · Amulni · Atraelish · Barva · Cesmelan · Etruarac · Flaigalish · Gakknir · Gashaorhieli · Jovaran · Mahleka · Mainathan · Mordrasi · Mukegani · Pelannician · Ruuvatthan · Seonmi · Tzolkese · Umura · Varlish · Virassian · Wunal · Yashurhieli |
Minor languages | Šamolai |
Misc. | |
Grammar | Amulni · Seonmi · Virassian · Wunal |
Word lists | List of Seonmi words and phrases · List of Wunal words and phrases |